Doente Cardíaco: Fatores a Ter em Conta Durante o Treino

Heart Patients: Factors to Consider During Training

Staying active is essential for cardiovascular health, even for those with heart disease. However, it's essential to follow specific recommendations to ensure safe and effective training. In this article, we present the main factors to consider when exercising for heart patients.

Heart Patients: Factors to Consider During Training

1. Consult a doctor before starting

Before starting any training program, it's essential to obtain a medical evaluation and recommendation. A cardiologist can recommend the most appropriate types of exercise, safe intensity, and possible restrictions.

2. Heart Rate Monitoring

Keeping your heart rate within your doctor's recommended range is essential. You can use a heart rate monitor or manually measure your pulse to ensure it doesn't exceed ideal values.

Ideal Intensity and Heart Rate Values

  • Training intensity should be between 40% and 70% of maximum heart rate (MHR).
  • To calculate approximate MHR, you can use the formula: 220 - age .
  • For example, for a 60-year-old person, the MHR would be 160 beats per minute (bpm), and the safe training zone would be between 64 and 112 bpm .

3. Choosing Appropriate Exercises

Opt for low-impact, moderate-intensity activities, such as:

  • Walks
  • Stretching
  • Breathing exercises
  • Light bodyweight strength training Avoid high-intensity exercises without professional advice.

4. Exercises to Avoid

  • High-intensity training (HIIT) , as it can cause spikes in heart rate.
  • Lifting heavy weights , which can suddenly increase blood pressure.
  • Prolonged isometric exercises , such as planks, can hinder blood circulation.
  • Excessive running or jumping , which can put extra strain on the cardiovascular system.

5. Heating and Cooling

A proper warm-up before training helps prepare your heart and muscles for the effort. Similarly, a gradual cool-down is essential to avoid sudden drops in blood pressure.

6. Pay Attention to Symptoms During Training

Stop exercising immediately and seek medical attention if you experience:

  • Excessive shortness of breath
  • Chest pain
  • Dizziness or fainting
  • Palpitations
  • Heavy sweating for no apparent reason

7. Avoid Exercising in Extreme Conditions

Avoid training in very hot or very cold temperatures, as these conditions can increase cardiac strain. Choose a climate-controlled environment with good ventilation.

8. Hydration and Adequate Nutrition

Stay hydrated during and after your workout. It's also important to eat a balanced meal before exercise to avoid energy dips.

9. Regularity and Moderation

Consistency is essential to reap the benefits. However, respect your limits and avoid overexertion. A progressive training plan, tailored to your capabilities, is the best option.

Conclusion

Physical exercise can be highly beneficial for heart patients, as long as it's practiced safely. Following these recommendations helps reduce risks and improve quality of life. Always consult a healthcare professional before starting any physical activity.

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