Epicondylitis: How to Diagnose and Treat

Epicondylitis, also known as “tennis elbow” (lateral epicondylitis) or “golfer’s elbow” (medial epicondylitis), is a common condition that affects the tendons around the elbow. Despite the name, it is not exclusive to athletes and can occur in anyone who performs repetitive arm movements.

In this article, we'll explore the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options for epicondylitis, helping you identify the signs and promote effective recovery.

What is Epicondylitis?

Epicondylitis is an inflammation or degeneration of the tendons that connect the muscles of the forearm to the epicondyle, the bony prominence of the elbow. This condition often occurs due to repetitive movements, overexertion or poor posture, which causes micro-tears in the tendons.

Types of Epicondylitis:

1. Lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow): Affects the outer part of the elbow and is associated with wrist extension movements.
2. Medial epicondylitis (golfer's elbow): Affects the inner part of the elbow, related to wrist flexion movements.

Symptoms of Epicondylitis

Symptoms vary from person to person, but the most common include:

• Pain located in the elbow, which may radiate to the forearm and wrist.
• Difficulty holding objects or performing simple movements, such as shaking hands or opening a door.
• Weakness in the forearm.
• Sensitivity to touch in the affected area.
• Stiffness or discomfort upon waking.

It is important to note that symptoms usually develop gradually and worsen with repetitive activities.

How to Diagnose Epicondylitis?

Diagnosis is usually clinical and made by a doctor or physical therapist based on symptoms and physical examination. Specific tests may be performed, such as:

• Resistance tests: The professional assesses pain when resisting specific wrist movements.
• Palpation: Identification of painful points on the elbow.

In more complex cases or to rule out other conditions, tests such as X-rays, ultrasounds or magnetic resonance imaging may be requested.

Epicondylitis Treatment

Treatment varies depending on the severity of the condition and may be conservative or, in rare cases, surgical. Here are the most common options:

1. Rest and Activity Modification

• Avoid repetitive movements or tasks that aggravate pain.
• Ergonomic adaptations at work or in sports may be necessary.

2. Applying Ice

• Reduces inflammation and relieves pain.
• Apply ice wrapped in a cloth for 15-20 minutes, several times a day.

3. Physiotherapy

• Specific exercises to strengthen the forearm muscles.
• Techniques such as therapeutic massage, stretching and joint mobilization.

4. Use of Orthoses

• Elbow pads or support bands help reduce the load on the tendons.

5. Medication

• Painkillers or anti-inflammatories (under medical supervision) to control pain and inflammation.

6. Injections

• Corticosteroid or platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections may be considered in persistent cases.

7. Surgery

• Only in chronic cases that do not respond to conservative treatment after 6-12 months.

How to Prevent Epicondylitis?

Prevention is essential, especially for those who perform repetitive movements. Follow these tips:

• Warm up and stretch: Before any physical activity, prepare your muscles and tendons.
• Correct technique: In sports or work, use proper posture.
• Strengthens your forearm: Incorporate muscle strengthening exercises into your workout.
• Avoid overload: Take regular breaks during repetitive activities.

Conclusion

Epicondylitis is a painful but treatable condition. Early diagnosis and proper treatment are key to a full recovery. If you experience persistent elbow pain, seek medical advice from a doctor or physical therapist.

For more health and performance tips, visit our blog at www .treinoemcasa .com .

Suggested reading:

1. Shoulder Pain : Exercises and Care
2. Essential Stretches for Athletes
3. How to Avoid Injuries While Strength Training

Are you taking good care of your body? Share your experience in the comments!

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